This has driven the development of more realistic and predictive three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models to improve the prognostic capability of in vitro testing systems. However, this is a far departure from how cells grow in vivo, lacking critical cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in their native microenvironment that drive their form, function and response to external stimuli. With the methodology established over a century ago, traditional two-dimensional (2D) tissue culture involves cells proliferating on flat substrates such as glass or polystyrene, resulting in monolayer cell cultures. Cells to establish in vitro cultures can be isolated from normal or diseased tissues, be grown as adherent monolayers or in suspension, and can be established in two or three dimensions. Cell culture has utility in diverse areas from stem cell and cancer research, monoclonal antibody production, drug discovery, regenerative medicine, therapeutic protein production and for modeling diseases. You can download all the articles in the series, by downloading the eBook.Ĭulturing cells outside of their natural environment in a laboratory under controlled conditions has become essential to scientific research. “3D Model Systems: Spheroids, Organoids and Tissue Models”. This article is the first in a series that was published in the eBook
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